Skip to content

When Criminal Statutes are Decriminalized While Matter is Still Pending

Defendant John Whiting challenged his conviction because the misdemeanor threshold for his crime was increased after he had been charged.  Whiting was charged with larceny over $500.00, the specific amount being $714.  At the time of the offense, this was classified as a felony because of the amount.  While Defendant Whiting’s case was pending, the Legislature increased the threshold for felonies to $1500 or more.  Whiting motion the court to recognize his case as a misdemeanor.  The Superior Court rejected and the Rhode Island Supreme Court agreed with the Superior Court.  However, all criminal cases where the statutes have been amended, repealed, modified or changed should not be looked at through this narrow scope .  The Supreme Court reminded us that there is a difference when the Legislature decriminalizes a crime then when one is modified:

       “Accordingly, the majority reasoned that it would be “inconsistent with the intent of the Legislature to prosecute acts that are no longer criminal offenses,” and upheld the dismissal of the counts arising under the repealed statute. Id. At bottom, the majority opined that it would be “fundamentally unfair to prosecute an individual for prior conduct that would now not constitute a violation of law.” Id. Unlike the circumstances in Babbitt and Mullen, here, at all relevant times, defendant’s conduct was, and remains, criminal. There was no intention to pardon the type of act committed by defendant.”

The bottom line, each case should be handled individually and if the statute is actually repealed the RI Supreme Court has a track record of recognizing that these are instances where cases should be dismissed.  See the full opinion: State v. John Whiting.

Categories: Criminal.

Restitution, Modification Not So Easy

In the Rhode Island Supreme Court’s order in State v. Rosenbaum we are reminded the standard that the Court uses to determine whether restitution should be reduced and that that she was unable to make restitution.  Although defendant argued that her Social Security could not be used to pay restitution, the Superior Court found defendant had sufficient assets that she could divest herself of to make restitution payments if she wanted, including a vehicle she no longer used but was paying the bank note, insurance and taxes.  Ironically, the court pointed out that while she was making allegations of inability to pay restitution, she was living in a $1.3 million dollar home and was paying attorney fees. See Order at: State v. Rosenbaum

Categories: Criminal.

Tags:

Rhode Island – Alimony

In Rhode Island, alimony is a rehabilitative tool intended to provide temporary support until a spouse is self-sufficient, and is based purely on need. Giammarco v. Giammarco, 959 A.2d 531, 535 (R.I. 2008). In determining whether alimony is appropriate, the court first makes the assignment of property under the divorce (divides the marital property). This division of marital property occurs before the court makes the alimony determination because the needs of each party will be affected by the equitable distribution of the marital estate. R.I. Gen Laws §15-5-16.1(c).

In determining the amount of alimony (if any) a person will get, the court is required to consider:

(i) the length of the marriage;

(ii) the conduct of the parties during the marriage;

(iii) the health, age, station, occupation, amount and source of income, vocational skills,  and employability of the parties; and,

(iv) the state and the liabilities and needs of each of the parties.”

Vicario v. Vicario, 901 A.2d 603, 611 (RI 2006).

If you need help with a family law issue, including divorce, alimony, child custody, child support, or relocation, call us at (401) 861-9900. We can help.

Categories: Family Court, Family Law.

Tags: , , , , , , , , , , ,

Concurrent Awaiting Trial Sentence Calculations

The Rhode Island Supreme Court recently decided on appeal that the defendant was entitled to the time he was awaiting trial to be credited to his sentence.  Allen Wray was sentenced to a drug case and imposition of the sentence was suspended.  In January of 2006 he was arrested on a robbery case.  He was immediately noticed as a violator of previously imposed sentenced.  In April of 2006 he was adjudged a violator and the suspension of the sentence was lifted.  In 2009 Allen Wray was convicted on the robbery charge.  The Court indicated that his sentence was to commence on that date in April 2009 and to run concurrent with his current sentence for the drug case.  Allen Wray argued that he was not afforded full credit for his time served awaiting trial and sentence.  The Supreme Court agreed in part and denied in part.  The Court indicated that the period from January 30, 2006 until April 12, 2006, should have been credited towards his robbery sentence.  The Court found its reasoning within the statute.  Allen Wray was awaiting sentence during this period, and although he received credit for this period towards his drug case, he was not sentenced until April 2009.  See full opinion at: State v. Allen Wray

Categories: Uncategorized.

First Amendment Right to Tape Police During an Arrest

Carla Gericke and Tyler Hanslin were pulled over for a traffic stop.  In the process, Hanslin informed the police officer he had a firearm.  The police were taking him into custody when Gericke informed the officer that she was going to record and tape him.  He asked her to get into her vehicle.  She complied, however, when other officers arrived she was arrested for refusing to tell the officer where she put the camera.  The charges were later dropped and she pursued a claim for violation of civil rights against the officers.  The officers claimed qualified immunity but the First Circuit Court of Appeals found that there is First Amendment Right and that the officers should have known based on Glik.  See full opinion:  Gericke v. Gebin

Categories: Civil, News, Recent Decisions.

Tags:

Confession of Error: Notice of Dismissal Required

The Rhode Island Supreme Court ruled and the State acknowledged that “the trial justice’s failure to advise the applicant of the court’s intention to summarily dismiss the [post-conviction] application and without providing the applicant with a meaningful opportunity to respond to the proposed dismissal,” is grounds for granting the appeal and remanding with instruction.  See full decision Garcia v. State of Rhode Island

 

Categories: Criminal.

Tags: , , , , ,

The Math: Three Defendants, One Victim, $20.00 Robbery, 20 Years and Double Jeopardy

May 6, 2009, Cesar Lopez was dispatched from Dominoes Pizza for a delivery.  When he arrived at the delivery address things did not look right.  However, as a good employee, Cesar proceeded to attempt to make the delivery.  Instead he was escorted to the back of the house by the supposed customers where he was confronted by two more.   One of the customer/assailants grabbed Cesar in a headlock, choking Cesar as he guided Cesar to the back of the house.  The other two assailants were trying to punish Cesar into submission by beating him with a metal pipe all the while reaching into Cesar’s pockets for the company money.  The assailants were able to take $20.00 from Cesar’s pocket before they lost control of the situation.  Cesar was not going to go easily.  He continued to resist.  Cesar managed to squirm out of his shirt bolting for his vehicle and leaving his shirt in the hands of the assailants.

Four days later Cesar spotted one of his assailants.  With his wife driving, he had her circle around the block and call 911.  He caught sight of the assailant he had recognized at the same time the assailant caught sight of Cesar.  The assailant ran.  And Cesar ran after him.  Cesar caught the assailant that had robbed him four days earlier and held onto him.  There would be no squirming out of his shirt for the assailant.  The police arrived and arrested Michael Long.  A short time into the interview Michael Long coughed up his two confederates.  Markus Matthews was arrested and decided to go to trial.  Although Michael Long choose to deny involvement at trial claiming he did not remember his confession, he had already confessed to his former fiancée, Jeannine Labossiere, and she did testify.  Matthews was convicted and sentenced to twenty years.  He appealed his conviction on several grounds including double jeopardy.

The indictment had charged the robbery offense as two counts with differing elements.  The jury returned the guilty verdict on one count.  The Appellant, Markus Matthews, did not preserve the issue for appeal and the Rhode Island Supreme Court recognized this.  However, the Court also recognized the significance of the issue and provided guidance in its opinion for the future.  Indictments should consider one count with finding of specific facts.  The Court specifically stated: ”

An indictment or criminal information that charges one offense having been committed by multiple means is a fair solution for both the state and the defendant. It lessens, or eliminates, any potential double jeopardy concerns, because it ensures that the accused is charged with a single offense, and thus, can only be convicted and sentenced on a single count. It also addresses duplicity issues because the jury would have to state which theory or theories were proven beyond a reasonable doubt.

This is probably in keeping with rulings coming out of the Supreme Court since Apprendi v. New Jersey.  The math just did not work out for Long or Matthews.  See the entire opinion at: State v. Markus Matthews

Categories: Criminal, News, Recent Decisions, Uncategorized.

Tags: , , ,

Confession of Error: PCR Attorney Requirement

The Rhode Island Supreme Court ruled and the State acknowledged that “in order for an indigent, first-time applicant to have a meaningful opportunity to reply [PCR brief], he or she must be afforded counsel upon request.”  Alberto Rodriguez had filed a Post-Conviction Application seeking relief from his conviction.  The Court, without giving prior notice to Alberto Rodriguez, summarily denied his application.  The state on a Confession of Error admitted that the Court had made an error as there is a precedent requirement that in order to afford a first-time indigent applicant a meaningful opportunity to reply he or she must be granted counsel upon request. Campbell v. State, 56 A.3d 448, 459 (R.I. 2012).  The Confession of Error was accepted and the applicant’s appeal was sustained.  See full Order at: Rodriguez v. State

 

Categories: Civil, Criminal.

Tags: , ,

Condominium Deck Checks

After a check/inspection of condo decks at Moorland Farm Condominiums, some decks were identified as in disrepair.  The Association determined that it would publish special assessment fees to all the condo owners as it felt the the decks were part of the common area.  Over $800,000.00 was assessed for the deck repairs.  The Plaintiff/Owners were those whose units did not need repair.  They filed suit arguing that the decks were not common area and should not have been assessed fees.  The Court agreed that the decks were not part of the common area and that each repair was therefore the responsibility of that unit owner.  However, the defendants argued that the affected plaintiffs whom would have to pay were not a party to the suit and were not before the court.  The superior court entered its order nonetheless.  The RI Supreme Court reversed the decision citing Section 9-30-11 of Rhode Island General Laws which states: that “[w]hen declaratory relief is sought, all persons shall be made parties who have or claim any interest which would be affected by the declaration, and no declaration shall prejudice the rights of persons not parties to the proceeding.”.  So the matter has been sent back to the Superior Court.  See entire opinion at: Burns, et. als v. Moorland Farm Condominiums, Inc.

Categories: Civil.

Tags: , ,

Haunting Experience and Results

It is November 27, 2005, a Sunday just past Thanksgiving and less than a month past our celebrated Halloween.  Dark is upon us early and long-abandoned properties come with stories of hauntings, ghosts and creatures we only think of when our mind runs wild.  Such is the case for the young lad of 17 years.  Intrigued by possible sightings of such, he ventures with friends onto the premises of the Ladd Center, an old hospital center, in the Town of Exeter that has been closed and abandoned for some eleven years and has acquired that eerie reputation exactly because it was an old hospital center.  A reputation whispered among youths that also entices one to wonder how much is true and challenges groups to dare upon to see for themselves.  Unfortunately or perhaps fortunately, the results of this endeavor where naught the kind sought.  The young lad  knowingly trespassed upon the property and suffered injuries from bottled sulfuric acid that was found on the premises.  The family brought suit against the property owners, including the state, seeking damages because the youth had been enticed to entered the property, otherwise known as attractive-nuisance doctrine.  The youth admitted that he had trespassed and was aware that he was trespassing among other admissions.  The trial court held the facts of this case did not fit into the attractive-nuisance doctrine.  The Plaintiff was aware he was trespassing.  The Plaintiff had tested and knew that the vessels they were removing from the private property were not water.  The Plaintiff appealed.

The Rhode Island Supreme Court agreed with the trial court.  Specifically, the Supreme Court noticed: “It strains credulity to think that plaintiff, a seventeen-year-old who was about to complete his G.E.D., did not realize the risk involved in climbing a pipe to an upper-story window and entering a dark, abandoned building. Further, the discovery of the bottles triggered enough caution within the group for L.V. to pour some of the liquid out for further examination. As plaintiff himself testified, when he saw the liquid in the bottle, he believed it contained a hazardous material.”  Accordingly, the court ruled against the Plaintiff and denied the appeal.  See full decision: Burton v. State of Rhode Island 

Categories: Uncategorized.